WhyloWhylo

Animals · Ages 3–9

How do bees make honey?

Honeybees collect sugary nectar from flowers. They use enzymes to change its sugars and remove much of its water, then store the thickened honey in wax honeycomb as food.

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For little wonderers, ages 3–5

Honeybees bring sweet flower nectar home. They change it and dry it until it becomes thick honey. Honey is food for the bees.

A little deeper, ages 6–9

A worker carries nectar in a special storage crop. Enzymes help break down some sugars. In the hive, bees spread the nectar and fan their wings so water evaporates. They seal ripe honey in wax cells. Pollen is another food they collect; it is not the main ingredient in honey.

A Whylo Sample Story

A flower delivery for Bea

Bealandedonaflowerjustasaladybirdclimbedontoitsstem.Inthispretendgarden,insectscouldchat.‘Offtocollecthoney?’askedtheladybird.‘Notyet,’Beareplied.‘Flowersgivemenectar.There'smoreworktodobeforeit'shoney.’

Shesippedalittlenectarandstoreditinherspecialcarryingpouch.Thegardenwasbusywithnoddingstemsandrustlingleaves.Beavisitedmoreflowers,thenflewbacktowardthehive.Theladybirdstayedbehindtocountthepetalsonherfavoritedaisy.

Athome,otherworkerbeestooktheirturns.Tinyhelperscalledenzymeschangedsugarsinthenectar.Thebeesspreaditintothehoneycombandfannedtheirwings.Waterslowlyleftthenectarandwentintotheair.Whatremainedbecamethicker.

Beaimaginedeachwaxcellasalittlecupboard.Whenthehoneywasready,thebeesclosedcellswithwaxlids.Theirfoodwouldbetherewhenflowerswerehardertofind.Nobodyhadgonetoashop.Nobodyhadusedacookingpot.Manysmalljobshadmadeoneusefulmeal.

ThenexttimeBeavisitedthedaisy,theladybirdwaved.‘Didyourdeliveryarrive?’‘Itdid,’Beasaid.‘Aflowerhelped,andahivehelped.’Thenshetuckedherheadintoanotherblossom.Thegardenhadanewdeliverywaiting.

Bea the honeybee visits a daisy beside a ladybird, with honeycomb nearby.
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Bea landed on a flower just as a ladybird climbed onto its stem. In this pretend garden, insects could chat. ‘Off to collect honey?’ asked the ladybird. ‘Not yet,’ Bea replied. ‘Flowers give me nectar. There's more work to do before it's honey.’

She sipped a little nectar and stored it in her special carrying pouch. The garden was busy with nodding stems and rustling leaves. Bea visited more flowers, then flew back toward the hive. The ladybird stayed behind to count the petals on her favorite daisy.

At home, other worker bees took their turns. Tiny helpers called enzymes changed sugars in the nectar. The bees spread it into the honeycomb and fanned their wings. Water slowly left the nectar and went into the air. What remained became thicker.

Bea imagined each wax cell as a little cupboard. When the honey was ready, the bees closed cells with wax lids. Their food would be there when flowers were harder to find. Nobody had gone to a shop. Nobody had used a cooking pot. Many small jobs had made one useful meal.

The next time Bea visited the daisy, the ladybird waved. ‘Did your delivery arrive?’ ‘It did,’ Bea said. ‘A flower helped, and a hive helped.’ Then she tucked her head into another blossom. The garden had a new delivery waiting.

What we learned

Honey starts as flower nectar. Honeybees change it, remove water, and store it for food.

One more little discovery

Draw three pictures: a flower, a bee carrying nectar, and a honeycomb. Put them in order and tell the journey aloud. Watch real bees from a distance without disturbing them.

Talk about it together

Why would a hive want to save some food for later?

Our characters and adventures are fictional. Explore the science behind this question:

NC State University: How Do Bees Make Honey?

Keep wondering

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