WhyloWhylo

Sky & space · Ages 3–9

Why is the sky blue?

Sunlight contains different colors. Tiny molecules in the air scatter blue light more strongly than red light, sending it toward our eyes from across the sky.

Read or listen to the story

For little wonderers, ages 3–5

Sunshine has lots of colors mixed together. The air spreads the blue part around, so a clear daytime sky looks blue.

A little deeper, ages 6–9

Light travels in waves. Blue light has shorter waves than red light, and air molecules scatter those shorter waves more strongly. That scattered light reaches you from many directions. The sky is not blue because it reflects the ocean.

A Whylo Sample Story

The sky with no paint

Milohadpaintedayellowhouse,agreentree,andacatwithsplendidpurpleboots.Thenhereachedforthebluepaint.Thepotwasempty.Helookedoutofthewindow.Theskyhadplentyofblue.Whohadpaintedallthat?

HecarriedhispicturetoGrandmainthegarden.‘Couldweborrowalittlesky?’heasked.Grandmasetdownherwateringcan.‘Let'slookatitfirst.’Theysettledintheshade,wherethecatimmediatelysatonMilo'spainting.

‘Sunlighthasmanycolorsmixedtogether,’Grandmasaid.‘Whenitmeetsthetinymoleculesintheair,someofthatlightspreadsindifferentdirections.Bluespreadsaroundmorethanred.Thatisthebluereachingoureyes.’Milostaredattheemptypaintpot.‘Sotheskydoesn'tneedabrush?’‘Notevenaverylongone.’

Miloturnedhispaperoveranddrewanewpicturewithhiscrayons.Thistimeheaddedlittlebluearrowscomingthroughtheair.Thearrowswerehiswayofshowingthelight,notthingshecouldactuallysee.Hemadeonepointtowardthecat'spurpleboots.

Atsupper,Dadadmiredthedrawing.‘Apaintedsky?’heasked.‘Alight-filledsky,’saidMilo.Heputtheemptypotontheshelf.Tomorrowtheycouldbuymorepaint.Theskyalreadyhadwhatitneeded.

Milo and Grandma look up at the blue sky from a garden, with their cat beside them.
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Milo had painted a yellow house, a green tree, and a cat with splendid purple boots. Then he reached for the blue paint. The pot was empty. He looked out of the window. The sky had plenty of blue. Who had painted all that?

He carried his picture to Grandma in the garden. ‘Could we borrow a little sky?’ he asked. Grandma set down her watering can. ‘Let's look at it first.’ They settled in the shade, where the cat immediately sat on Milo's painting.

‘Sunlight has many colors mixed together,’ Grandma said. ‘When it meets the tiny molecules in the air, some of that light spreads in different directions. Blue spreads around more than red. That is the blue reaching our eyes.’ Milo stared at the empty paint pot. ‘So the sky doesn't need a brush?’ ‘Not even a very long one.’

Milo turned his paper over and drew a new picture with his crayons. This time he added little blue arrows coming through the air. The arrows were his way of showing the light, not things he could actually see. He made one point toward the cat's purple boots.

At supper, Dad admired the drawing. ‘A painted sky?’ he asked. ‘A light-filled sky,’ said Milo. He put the empty pot on the shelf. Tomorrow they could buy more paint. The sky already had what it needed.

What we learned

Air scatters blue sunlight toward our eyes. A clear blue sky is made by light and air, not blue paint.

One more little discovery

From a shaded spot, look at the sky away from the Sun. Draw its color overhead and near the horizon. Are they identical? Never look directly at the Sun.

Talk about it together

If you were explaining the sky to a friend, what would you say the air does to sunlight?

Our characters and adventures are fictional. Explore the science behind this question:

NASA Space Place: Why Is the Sky Blue?

Keep wondering

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